Linda的布拉格

●哪些人容易出現症狀：研究顯示，情感上依賴他人且易受感動的人，若遇到類似狀況，很容易產生斯德哥爾摩症候群。患者通常有以下特徵：

一、受害者須確實感覺到生命受到加害者威脅。

二、受害者須感受到加害者略釋善意的舉動。

三、除了加害者的單方意見外，被害人無法接觸他人意見（被害者通常得不到外界的訊息）。

四、人質認為不可能脫逃。

●知名案例：

一、美國赫斯特報團女繼承人帕蒂．赫斯特一九七四年二月被美國激進組織共生解放軍綁架兩個月後，協助該組織搶劫銀行。

二、一九七○年代至八○年代初期被北韓綁架的五名日本人，在二○○二年獲准返回日本後，出現臣服於北韓政權的行為，試圖返回北韓和自己的孩子團聚。日本親人認為五人受到洗腦，於是限制了他們的行動。

【2006/08/30 聯合報】

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extracted from Answers.com
Stockholm syndrome

The Stockholm syndrome is a psychological response sometimes seen in a hostage, in which the hostage exhibits seeming loyalty to the hostage-taker, in spite of the danger (or at least risk) the hostage has been put in. Stockholm syndrome is also sometimes discussed in reference to other situations with similar tensions, such as battered woman syndrome, child abuse cases, and bride kidnapping.

The syndrome is named after the Norrmalmstorg robbery of Kreditbanken at Norrmalmstorg, Stockholm in which the bank robbers held bank employees hostage from August 23 to August 28, 1973. In this case, the victims became emotionally attached to their victimizers, and even defended their captors after they were freed from their six-day ordeal. The term was coined by the criminologist and psychologist Nils Bejerot, who assisted the police during the robbery, and referred to the syndrome in a news broadcast.

An offshoot of the Stockholm syndrome is the aptly-used term capture-bonding defined as a bond that in some instances develops between captor and captive. The term is modeled on the Swedish woman who became so attached to one of the bank robbers who held her hostage that she broke her engagement to her former lover and remained bonded, or in bondage, to her former captor while he served time in prison.

• Millionaire heiress Patty Hearst, after having been kidnapped by the Symbionese Liberation Army in February 1974, helped rob a bank with the group two months later. She was arrested in September 1975, and her unsuccessful legal defense was that she suffered from Stockholm syndrome and was coerced into aiding the SLA. She was convicted and imprisoned for her actions in the robbery, though her sentence was commuted in February 1979 by President Jimmy Carter, and she received a Presidential pardon from Bill Clinton in January 2001.
• Elizabeth Smart, a 14-year-old girl who was kidnapped, brainwashed and repeatedly raped by a mentally ill man who coerced and molested her during the years of 2002-2003; Smart spent many months living on the streets of Salt Lake City, Utah with her captors, physically unrestrained.
• Japanese abducted to North Korea during the late 1970s and early 1980s. After five of them were allowed to return to Japan in October 2002, they exhibited behavior of submission to the North Korean regime and, given that the regime would not allow their North Korean-born children to join them in Japan right away, attempted to go back there to join them; however, their Japanese families, seeing this as symptoms of brainwashing, restrained them, and eventually the former abductees shed their North Korean identities symbolically by shedding the pins with pictures of previous dictator Kim Il Sung on them during a press conference and denouncing the North Korean regime as a "criminal state" in subsequent interviews, which eventually led to the release of their children in 2004.
• Daily Express journalist Yvonne Ridley was captured in Afghanistan by the Taliban in September 2001 and held for 11 days. During this period she promised an Imam that she would study Islam if she was allowed to return to London. Ridley became a full convert to Islam in the summer of 2003 and currently espouses strong Islamist views, describing moderate Muslims as "house slaves" and standing as a parliamentary candidate for RESPECT in 2004. However, she has denied suggestions that her conversion resulted from the Stockholm syndrome, claiming that "I was horrible to my captors. I spat at them and was rude and refused to eat. It wasn't until I was freed that I became interested in Islam."